Every coefficient, stated so you can disagree with it.

Basis. Mid-range figure from published wood pallet life-cycle assessments comparing a reused pallet against a newly manufactured equivalent, cradle-to-gate. Covers avoided harvesting, sawmilling, kiln drying, assembly and primary distribution.

Uncertainty. Published values range roughly 4–7 kg depending on species, transport distance and whether end-of-life credits are included. We use the lower-middle of that range deliberately.

Basis. Yard average across mixed hardwood and southern yellow pine reclaimed stock, weighed across inbound loads.

Uncertainty. Individual pallets range 38–52 lb. Hardwood-heavy loads sit above the average.

Basis. Wood volume of a standard build: a seven-board top deck (two 5½″ lead boards, five 3½″ inner boards) and three-board bottom deck at 5/8″ thickness on 40″ lengths, plus three 48″ stringers at 1⅜″ × 3½″. That totals about 1,770 cubic inches, and one board foot is 144 cubic inches.

Uncertainty. Varies ±15% with deck coverage and bottom deck configuration. This figure and the 46 lb mass above are derived from the same volume, so they cannot contradict each other: mixed hardwood at roughly 45 lb/ft³ gives about 3.74 lb per board foot.

Basis. Typical usable yield from one mature plantation-grown softwood, after harvesting and milling losses.

Uncertainty. Highly variable by species, age and site quality; published figures span roughly 150–400 bf. This is the softest number in the model and should be read as illustrative.

Basis. Difference between typical delivered new-build and reclaimed Grade A pricing on our own quotes, averaged across a rolling twelve-month period.

Uncertainty. Lumber markets move weekly. The gap widens when lumber prices rise and narrows when they fall. Treat as indicative rather than as a quote.

Basis. Approximate tailpipe emissions of an average US passenger car, used only to make the carbon figure legible.

Uncertainty. Fleet averages vary; this is a communication device, not an accounting figure.

Basis. Share of inbound tonnage leaving the yard as whole pallets or recovered pallet components, from internal weighbridge and count records.

Uncertainty. Moves seasonally by a few points; wet winter intake reduces recoverable share.

Basis. No pallet wood has been disposed of to landfill from this yard in the last three years. Residual material goes to mulch, biomass fuel or scrap steel recovery.

Uncertainty. None — this is a records figure, not an estimate.